What characteristic makes end-suction pumps easily identifiable?

End-suction pumps are easily identifiable by the configuration of their suction and discharge ports, which are arranged at 90 degrees to each other. This design allows for a straightforward flow path, where fluid enters through the suction port and exits through the discharge port at a right angle, minimizing turbulence and optimizing the hydraulic efficiency of the pump.

This characteristic not only provides distinction but also affects the installation and integration of these pumps within piping systems. It is especially beneficial in applications where space is limited, as the design allows for easier alignment of the piping without requiring extensive modifications.

The other characteristics listed do not consistently apply to all end-suction pumps. While some may have a single discharge port, that is not a defining feature of all models. Double suction impellers are common in some other types of pumps but not universally in end-suction varieties. Similarly, vertical designs are outside the standard horizontal configuration typical of end-suction pumps. The 90-degree orientation of the suction and discharge ports remains the hallmark feature that clearly identifies them.